Apparatus for producing hollow bricks closed on all sides



Mare 16, 1937. J, P TTERU'K 2,074,063

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HOLLOW BRICKS CLOSED ON vALL SIDES Filed June 12, 1934 INVENTO/E Patented Mar. 16, 1937 APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HOLLOW BRICKS CLOSED ON. ALL SIDES Jan Putterlik, Prague, Czechoslovakia Application June 12, 1934, Serial No. 730,199%

In Czechoslovakia June 22, 1933 r 8 Claims. (01. 25-17) The invention relates to a method and device attached to the strand press, while the second for producing hollow bricks closed on all sides, part 2 can be turned into the opened position (see and in particular to an improved mouth piece Fig. 1) through an angle of 180 about the shaft which can be fitted to any existing brick mak- 4, Whichis resting in bearings 3. The opening ing machine with which hollow strands of clay of the front part 2 enables the exchange of the arerproduced by way of pressing, from which the inner hollow core 5 which is known in itself. This hollow and all around closed bricks are cut. The core is provided with bearing ribs 6 (Fig. 1) which hollow strand is closed at intervals by interior in the known manner fit into grooves 6 on the plugs, and in this condition it is severed in the respective inner wall of the front part 2 of the centre of these plugs. The hitherto known demouth piece. In this way it is possible to insert 10 vices have however not been satisfactory in use into the mechanical mouth piece two or more and the desired operation could not be properly cores instead of one core, and these may be of carried out therewith. The main reason for this varying shape and either hollow or solid.

, is that the plastic material, for instance the clay, Every hollow core 5 is on the outer surface at F 1 when leaving the outlet ofthe hollow core of the at least two places opposite to each other (see 0 mouth piece could not easily and accurately be Fig. 2) double walled so that an intermediate severed from the remaining mass within the holspace 1 between these double walls is produced low core which also caused a deformation of the The interior wall 5' of the hollow core 5 is corhollow strand. rugated and the intermediate space 1 open in the By means of the present invention the aforevertical plane at 8' of the outlet 8 of the hollow 20 mentioned disadvantages are avoided by severcore 5 in Fig. 2. Through this opening 8 enters ing the various plugs within the interior of the the atmospheric air which for instance is adhollow strand shaped product at intervals by the mitted by means of two small tubes 9 and which action of compressed air or atmospheric air, assists in severing the plug which is formed at which is admitted to the inner outlet end of the intervals. The air then flows into the newly hollow core of the sleeve. formed hollow space and fills it to such an extent The further development of the new invention that a deforming of the hollow brick by the action consists also in constructionally perfecting the of a vacuum is avoided. mechanical mouth piece, namely, its regulating These small tubes can of course also be used a slide in conjunction with the cooperating parts to admit another external medium such as oxyof the apparatus. gen gas or a liquid asfor instance perfume or Upon the accompanying drawing two methods another semi-solid or granular material, which of construction of the apparatus for carrying out is drawn into the hollow space produced in the the invention are illustrated and it is: plastic material or may be forced in by means 35 Fig. 1 a view of the mouth piece according to of pressure as such is for instance done when the invention composed of two parts, the front producing hollow articles of soap. part of which is turned into the open position The admission of the plastic material as for through an angle of 180, so that the interior instance brick clay into the hollow core is regu- 40 of the mouth parts becomes visible, lated by means of the turnable slide 13 which in 40 Fig. 2 a vertical section along the line IIII the known manner is attached to a shaft I0 restof Figs. 1 and 3 respectively through the closed ing in bearings II and I2. The effective surface mouth piece, l3 of the slide l3 (Fig. 2) during opening and Fig. 3 a horizontal section along the line closing of the hollow core, that is to say when in III--III of Fig. 1 through the same mouth piece, both end positions, always forms with the direc- 45 while tion of the strand of the plastic material leaving Fig. 4 shows a modified form of construction the press, a certain acute angle of about 30-60, for carrying out the invention. in which the inlet opening of the hollow core is The new mouth piece of the strand press which arranged eccentrically with regard to the shaft latter is well known in the brick making industry ll! of the slide l3. Consequently the latter is con- 5 and therefore not shown on the drawing, and stantly forced by the stream of the plastic mate i which serves to produce all around closed hollow rial into a position corresponding to one of the articles of any desired plastic material such as two directions of the strand. This is done for the for instancehollow bricks from clay, consists of reason of keeping down the initial force required 5 the two parts I and 2 of which part is rigidly for turning the slide l3. The eccentric position of the inlet opening of the hollow core is effected by arranging a brake plate H! in the inlet opening of the hollow core 5. This brake plate M in addition thereto serves to simultaneously equalize the speeds of the inner and outer strands of the plastic material.

In order that the plastic material, for instance the brick clay cannot enter the bearings I l of the shaft l5 arranged on the outer sides of the mouth piece, the inner space of the mouth piece together with the plastic material is separated from the inner bearing l2 by means of a plate [5 (Fig. 3) consisting of metal or of another suitable material.

The clear space of the opening of the slide can be adjusted from the outside by fastening to the end of the shaft a lever (not shown) or an adjustable rod which is connected to a movable mechanism, for instance to an automatic device for severing the bricks or to another device for cutting off the objects formed of the plastic material.

The slide I3, l3, shown in Fig. 2, is mounted with its shaft l0 opposite to the inlet opening I6 of the hollow core 5 in such a manner that it stands in front of this shaft l0 with its effective face l3 turned towards the moving direction of the strand.

In order to obtain a still better equalizing of the pressure not only within the hollow core but also outside thereof as well as an increase of the space within the hollow core, this hollow core 5 is at its rear end fitted with a hollow projection I! (Fig, 4), which towards the rear is enlarged conically in the direction of the strand in such a manner that the inlet opening I8 of this projection is much larger than the inlet opening [6 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the hollow core 5, described in the aforegoing. In this case however the slide 59 is arranged with its effective surface I9 in the front chamber of the described projection I! in the rear of the turnable shaft 2| of the slide l9, I9. The material to be worked is efiectively compressed by the inclined surface of the projection IT. This kind of hollow core with a front chamber is particularly suitable for mouth pieces of larger dimensions for producing large bricks. The slide plate l9 may be constructed in the way of a Venetian blind so that the size of it's'effective closing surface can be regulated also by directly adjusting its parts.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an extrusion press mouth piece for producing hollow bodies from plastic material, means for producing a hollow strand of plastic material, means for producing plugs, a hollow core for inserting said plugs at predetermined intervals into said hollow-strand and means for introducing a fluid medium to the periphery of the outlet end of said core to assist in severing the individual plugs from the mass of plastic material in said hollow core,

2. In an extrusion press mouth piece for producing hollow bodies from plastic material, means for producing a hollow strand of plastic material, a hollow core for inserting plugs into said strand at predetermined intervals, said hollow core being closed on the inlet end by a rotatable shutter, the inlet opening of said hollow core being arranged to be offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouth piece in such a manner that the chord of the arcuate surface of said oscillatable core shutter makes an angle of from -60 with the said axis in both end or limiting positions of the shutter.

3. In an extrusion press mouth piece by means of which alternately a hollow and a solid strand are formed of plastic material, a hollow core positioned in said mouth piece, a rotatable shutter for opening and closing the inlet end of said hollow core to control the alternate intervals during which said strand is made hollow and solid, a shaft for said shutter, the inlet opening of said hollow core being offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouth piece in such a manner that the chord of the arcuate surface of the oscillatable core shutter makes an angle of from 3060 with the said axis in both end or limiting positions of the shutter, said shutter being disposed with its effective surface in the rear-of the said shutter shaft in the direction of the movement of the strand for the purpose of overcoming the initial resistance to movement of the shutter.

4. In an extrusion press mouth piece by means of which alternately a hollow and a solid strand are formed of plastic material, a hollow core positioned in said mouth piece, a rotatable shutter for opening and closing the inlet end of said hollow core to control the alternate intervals during which said strand is made hollow and solid, a shaft for said shutter; saidhollow core being offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouth piece in such a manner that the chord of the arcuate surface of said rotatable core shutter is disposed at an angle of from 30-60 with the said axis in both end or limiting positions of the shutter, said shutter being arranged within a chamber which is widened towards the inlet end, the effective surface of the shutter being disposed in advance of said shutter shaft in-the direction of the pressing strand, whereby the inlet opening is enlarged and undue pressure of the shutter upon the plastic material avoided.

5. In an extrusion press mouth piece by means of which alternately a hollow and a solid strand are formed of plastic material, a hollow core positioned in said mouth piece, a rotatable shutter for opening and closing the inlet of said hollow core to control the alternate intervals during which said strand is made hollow and solid, a shaft for said shutter, the inlet opening of said hollow core being offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouth piece in such a manner that the chord of the arcuate surface of said rotatable core shutter is disposed at an angle of from 30-60" with the said axis in both endor limiting positions of the shutter, a plate for partly covering the inlet to said hollow core for the purpose of balancing the speeds of the strands of the plastic material passing around the outside of said hollow core and through said hollow core, said cover plate also forming a shield for the shutter.

6. In an extrusion press mouth piece by means of which alternately a hollow and a solid strand are formed of plastic material, a hollow .core positioned in said mouth piece, an arcuate rotatable shutter positioned in said mouth piece the inlet opening of said hollow core being offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouth piece in such a manner that the chord of the arcuate surface of said rotatable core shutter is disposed at an angle of from 30-60 with said axis in both end or limiting positions of said shutter, means for adjusting the degree of opening to the hollow core afforded by the shutter for the purpose of synchronizing the movement of the strands of the plastic material inside and outside of said hollow core.

'7. In an extrusion press mouth piece by means of which alternately a hollow and a solid strand are formed of plastic material, a hollow core positioned in said mouth piece, an arcuate rotatable shutter in said hollow core, the inlet opening of said hollow core being offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of said mouth piece in such a manner that the chord of the arcuate surface of the oscillatable core shutter makes an angle of from 30-60 with the said axis in both end or limiting positions of said shutter, a shaft for said shutter, bearings for said shaft arranged at the sides of the mouth piece and cover plates for separating the inner faces of said bearings from the interior of said mouth.

8. In an extrusion press mouth piece for producing bodies from plastic material, means for feeding a strand of plastic material to the mouth piece, a hollow core positioned in said mouth piece for forming said strand of elastic material into a hollow tubular strand, means for feeding plastic material into said hollow core for forming plug elements for inserting said plug elements into said hollow tubular strand at predetermined intervals, ducts formed around at least a portion of the periphery of said hollow core, and means for feeding a fluid medium into said ducts to assist in cutting said plug elements of correct length after said plug elements are inserted into said hollow strand.

JAN PU'I'IERLIK. 

